Board of Legal SpecializationPractice Exam

What is the first step in assessing a pediatric patient who is unresponsive?

1. Call for Emergency Medical Services

2. Perform a secondary assessment

3. Check responsiveness and breathing

4. Immediately start chest compressions

The correct answer is: Check responsiveness and breathing

In assessing a pediatric patient who is unresponsive, checking responsiveness and breathing is critically important as the first step. This action serves two primary purposes: determining the patient's level of consciousness and assessing the airway. By checking responsiveness, you can ascertain whether the child is conscious or if further immediate action is warranted. Understanding the breathing status is pivotal, as it influences subsequent interventions. If the child isn't breathing or is breathing abnormally, it indicates the necessity for urgent care, which may include calling for Emergency Medical Services or beginning chest compressions. Engaging in a secondary assessment or attempting chest compressions without first confirming responsiveness and breathing could bypass crucial information. These actions are essential but should follow the initial assessment. Therefore, confirming the child's responsiveness and respiratory status forms the foundation for any further treatment or interventions in a critical situation.